ForexMart's Daily Market Analysis

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USD gains momentum following FOMC meeting

The US dollar has rallied robustly following the Federal Reserve's latest FOMC meeting, outpacing its European counterpart. USD found its wings, soaring on the back of the FOMC meeting outcomes which signaled another rate hike in 2023.

Following the June FOMC meeting, the committee maintained the federal funds rate within the range of 5.00%-5.25%, after a series of ten consecutive increases, meeting market expectations. The regulator hasn't ruled out another rate hike before the end of this year.

At the same time, Fed Chairman Jerome Powell unveiled an updated forecast, indicating that FOMC members anticipate an additional 0.50% increase in the federal funds rate in 2023.

According to experts, the Fed has now implemented the most aggressive series of rate hikes since the 1980s. This measure was necessary to combat inflation, which has decreased from its peak (9.1%) in June 2022 to the current 4%.

In the light of these developments, US government bond yields showed steady growth, bolstering the greenback. Consequently, the US dollar significantly appreciated against other major currencies, especially the euro.

Analysts assert that high rates impact the cost of US debt placement. According to the US Treasury Department's estimates, as of the end of April 2023, interest payments on the national debt stood at $460 billion, accounting for 12.5% of the total US budget.

After raising the debt ceiling, US authorities intend to issue new debt obligations that could exceed $1-$1.5 trillion. Therefore, the Fed has paused the rate hikes to avoid increasing the cost of placement and creating additional strain on the budget.

Experts underscore that if the interest rate is raised this year, we can expect a strengthening of the dollar. Against this backdrop, the EUR/USD pair confidently crossed the 1.0800 threshold and moved higher. The euro found balance while the greenback gained momentum for further growth. On Thursday morning, June 15, EUR/USD was trading at 1.0806, striving to reach new highs and establish a foothold at these levels.

Post FOMC meeting, the Fed's chief, Jerome Powell, held a press conference and commented on the monetary policy outlook. He emphasized the Fed's decision to maintain the federal funds rate at 5%-5.25%, stating that "rate cuts this year would be imprudent." However, the situation may change at the next meeting which will take place on July 25-26.

The FOMC statement underscored that US inflation remains high, but monetary authorities are aiming to bring it down to the target of 2%. According to the Fed Chairman, getting inflation back to 2% "is a long journey ahead." Meanwhile, the FOMC members remain very vigilant about inflationary risks.

Almost all FOMC members deem it appropriate to continue increasing rates in 2023. Special attention from the regulators is directed towards creating conditions for a "soft landing" of the US economy. The FOMC believes that this is facilitated by a strong US labor market, which is "gradually cooling down."

In addition, the Federal Reserve has published updated economic forecasts, which have been revised since the March meeting. The forecasts for US GDP growth in 2023 were raised, while they were slightly lowered for 2024-2025. As for the inflation forecast for this year, it has also been slightly worsened. However, the improvement in core inflation plans in the US provided a silver lining.

As for the median forecast for the key rate at the end of 2023, the situation is also positive: it was raised by 0.5% to a level of 5.6%. It's worth noting that this forecast anticipates two more rate hikes of 25 basis points each. As for the key rate forecast at the end of 2024, it was improved by 0.3% to the level of 4.6%, and at the end of 2025, also by 0.3% to 3.4%.

According to Jerome Powell's statement, rate increases should occur not abruptly but at a "moderate pace". The Fed chief believes that it will go hand in hand with a decrease in inflation. However, the latter will require US economic growth and "some easing of labor market conditions". Currently, markets are pricing in the probability of a 25 basis point rate hike at the next regulatory meeting scheduled for July 25-26. It is expected that this will once again help the dollar reach new highs.

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Is the FOMC being overly cautious? Powell's speeches

The dollar is going through difficult times, and it is pretty clear to everyone. However, there's a good chance of improving its situation in the near future. In this article, we will try to understand why. First and foremost, I would like to mention that both instruments are currently in positions from which downward waves can start forming. Wave analysis is currently quite objective and unambiguous. There's a possibility of further growth, but there's still a higher probability of a decline. Another important fact to mention is the prolonged decline of the USD. This is only a speculative assumption as trends can take on a very prolonged form, especially when supported by the news background. And the current news background allows for the dollar's growth.

To answer the question "why?" We need to try to look at the big picture. If the euro and the pound have been rising for almost a whole year, it is clear that the market has been responding to some news background. This could be the interest rate hikes by the Bank of England and the European Central Bank. For example, last year, when the Federal Reserve was raising rates faster and stronger, the dollar was getting stronger. Sooner or later, there will come a moment when the ECB and the BoE will finish tightening their monetary policies. In my opinion, this moment is approaching.

Fed Chairman Jerome Powell may announce in Congress this week that the interest rate will increase one more time if the situation requires it. However, the dollar is not particularly affected by this announcement, as it has been declining for almost a whole year. One rate hike will not lead to a significant appreciation of the dollar. The FOMC is steadily moving towards its goal. Inflation has already decreased to 4%. At this level, the ECB or the BoE could relax and let inflation return to the target level on its own. But not the Fed. The goal is to bring inflation back to 2% as soon as possible. Therefore, it is possible that the Fed is being overly cautious in case the decline in the consumer price index is interrupted. However, this fact does not mean much for the dollar.

Based on everything mentioned above, I believe that at the moment, it is highly probable that the tightening cycles in the UK and the EU will come to an end, as well as the wave analysis, which is currently providing very good sell signals for both instruments.

Based on the analysis conducted, I conclude that a new downtrend is currently being built. The instrument has enough room to fall. I believe that targets around 1.0500-1.0600 are quite realistic. I advise selling the instrument using these targets. I believe that there is a high probability of completing the formation of wave b, and the MACD indicator has formed a "downward" signal. You can sell with a stop loss placed above the current peak of the presumed wave b.

The wave pattern of the GBP/USD instrument has changed and now it suggests the formation of an upward wave that can end at any moment. Currently, it would be advisable to recommend buying the instrument only if there is a successful attempt to break above the 1.2842 level. You can also sell since the first attempt to break through this level was unsuccessful, and a stop loss can be set above it. However, be cautious on Thursday since there's a chance that the market's reaction to the BoE meeting may provoke sharp movements.

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Pressure on the dollar may intensify. USD, CAD, JPY overview

The highly anticipated speech of Fed Chair Powell in the House of Representatives did not bring any new information. Powell justified the decision not to raise rates in June by saying that the speed of interest-rate increases is "not very important," now and outlined the criteria for sustainable inflation reduction. The dollar had a minimal reaction to Powell's speech, with slight selling pressure that resulted in a shallow correction.

The main cause of high inflation in the United States is considered to be the high level of consumption, as demand does not allow prices to start a sustainable decline. However, adjusting the overall accumulated household wealth for inflation shows that the "excess wealth" created by pandemic stimulus measures has already been eroded.

The decrease in consumption is inevitable, which will lead to a recession by the end of the year. As a result, in order to manage inflation expectations, the Federal Reserve will be forced to change its rhetoric to a more dovish stance, which will intensify pressure on the dollar.

The Bank of England held its regular monetary policy meeting on Thursday, and after its unexpected inflation report for May, there are no doubts that the Bank of Canada will raise rates. This increase has already been priced in by the markets and is unlikely to cause a rise in GBP on its own. However, the probability of another rate hike has increased, and if the meeting minutes are sufficiently aggressive, the pound may have grounds for another upward trajectory.

USD/CAD
The Canadian dollar strengthened after the release of the minutes from the Bank of Canada's latest meeting on June 7, as the markets received confirmation that the Bank of Canada is ready to consider further rate hikes and that the June hike was not a one-time action.

It was noted that GDP growth in the first quarter exceeded forecasts (3.1% versus 2.3%), with consumption growth being very strong at 5.8%, not only in the services sector but also in interest rate-sensitive goods. Consumption growth in Canada was stronger than expected, even considering population growth, and business investment and exports were stronger and more widespread than anticipated. There is clearly excess demand in the economy, and the measures implemented so far are not sufficiently restrictive.

The Bank of Canada expected inflation to decrease to 3% in the summer, but an unexpected increase from 4.3% to 4.4% was recorded in April. Trends in core inflation data raised doubts about the strength and longevity of the ongoing disinflation and heightened concerns that inflation could remain significantly above the 2% target.

Therefore, by raising rates on June 7, the Bank of Canada has left the door open for at least one more rate hike. If the inflation data for May (to be released on June 27) do not show a significant decrease, which is quite likely, the chances of another rate hike will increase. Accordingly, the Canadian dollar has grounds for further strengthening.

The net short position on CAD decreased by 106 million during the reporting week, reaching -2.753 billion. The positioning remains confidently bearish, and the estimated price has turned downward again.

A week earlier, we speculated that the USD/CAD could extend its decline if it receives a good reason. Now it has such grounds, and the main scenario is that the pair will continue to fall, with the nearest target being the lower band of the 1.3050/70 channel. A corrective upward retracement may stop near the resistance at 1.3225, followed by a downward reversal and a build-up of the downward momentum.

USD/JPY
The Bank of Japan left its current monetary policy unchanged, but the markets were more interested in whether there would be any explicit hints of a readiness to tighten in the future. From this perspective, the comments from BoJ Governor Kazuo Ueda appear ambiguous.

Ueda directly linked the possibility of policy change to two factors. The first factor is the deterioration in the functioning of the money market, which was the reason for expanding the yield curve control in December of last year. The second factor is the trend of inflation growth. There is no reason to intervene in policy due to the first factor, as the market is much more stable after the yield control policy change. The second factor is too uncertain, and there are no clear signs of inflation strengthening. Accordingly, there are no grounds to expect changes from this perspective.

Another factor that could influence the BOJ's stance is the sustained growth in average wages. The position here is that wage growth should not exceed 2% plus productivity growth, but since it is difficult to calculate productivity growth and it is quite volatile, we can conclude that the BOJ does not intend to take unexpected actions even in the case of higher wage growth.

Therefore, the market currently sees low chances of monetary tightening, which suggests that we shouldn't expect the BOJ to take significant actions to strengthen the yen in the near future.

The net short position on JPY slightly adjusted by 114 million during the reporting week, reaching -9.269 billion. The bearish bias is unquestionable. The estimated price is above the long-term average, indicating a bullish trend.

USD/JPY, as expected, continued its rise and stopped a few points away from the technical resistance at 142.50. Considering that the estimated price has slowed down its growth, the chances of a corrective decline have increased, with the nearest support at 140.90. In the event of hawkish hints from the BOJ, a decline towards the middle of the 138.50/90 channel is possible. However, the long-term trend remains confidently bullish, so a deep correction is not expected. The nearest goal is to consolidate above 142.50, followed by a transition into a sideways range, as there are also few grounds for a strong continuation of the upward movement.

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EUR/USD and GBP/USD: Trading plan for beginners on July 10, 2023

Details of the economic calendar on July 7
U.S. labor market continues to show strength. Statistical data on the U.S. labor market indicates that the number of non-farm payrolls increased by 209,000 in June, slightly below the expected growth of 225,000. The unemployment rate also decreased to 3.6%, in line with expectations. These indicators indicate the ongoing strengthening of the American labor market.

Analysis of trading charts from July 7
The EUR/USD currency pair has nearly fully recovered its value after a recent correction. However, a resistance level around 1.1000 still stands in the way of buyers.

The GBP/USD pair has reached a local high in the process of inertial movement within a medium-term upward trend. As a result, there has been a reduction in long positions, leading to a price pullback.

Economic calendar for July 10
Monday is traditionally accompanied by an empty macroeconomic calendar. No important statistical data is expected to be published in the European Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States.

Therefore, investors and traders intend to rely on the incoming flow of information and news.

EUR/USD trading plan for July 10
Due to the technical overbought signal of the euro in the short-term and intraday periods, a price pullback is possible. To continue the current upward cycle, market participants need to overcome the resistance level around 1.1000. If the price remains consistently above this level, it may stimulate an increase in long positions.

GBP/USD trading plan for July 10
In this situation, the return of the price to the local high indicates a prevailing bullish sentiment among market participants. The pullback we are observing can serve as a stage for regrouping trading forces before further growth. To confirm the continuation of the upward trend, it is necessary to keep the price above the level of 1.2850, which may trigger a technical signal for further growth.

What's on the charts
The candlestick chart type is white and black graphic rectangles with lines above and below. With a detailed analysis of each individual candle, you can see its characteristics relative to a particular time frame: opening price, closing price, intraday high and low.

Horizontal levels are price coordinates, relative to which a price may stop or reverse its trajectory. In the market, these levels are called support and resistance.

Circles and rectangles are highlighted examples where the price reversed in history. This color highlighting indicates horizontal lines that may put pressure on the asset's price in the future.

The up/down arrows are landmarks of the possible price direction in the future.

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The dollar train has already left

The Federal Reserve has clearly won the fight against inflation. Victory is not inevitable, and its timing is not determined, but no one is talking about stagflation or hyperinflation at the moment. The markets responded favorably to the June consumer price index, fueling the dollar sell-off. EUR/USD surged to 15-month highs, and this is far from the limit. Economists at Deutsche Bank expect EUR/USD to rise to 1.15 by Q4 2023, while Eurizon SLJ Capital suggests the 1.2 level.

When the divergence in monetary policy between the European Central Bank and the Federal Reserve is accompanied by heightened global risk appetite and the decline of American exceptionalism, the US dollar is forced to raise the white flag. Currently, the gap between consumer and producer prices is at a record high. When such situations have occurred in the past, stock markets have risen. This has happened either in the very late stages of a recession or in the early stages of an upturn.

Dynamics of final demand and finished goods prices in the US
It is quite possible that the United States will be able to avoid the recession that has been talked about for so long. The markets are envisioning a Goldilocks scenario—a combination of slowing inflation and steady GDP growth just below trend. It's no wonder that the S&P 500 reached a 15-month peak. It is difficult for the US dollar, as a safe-haven asset, to withstand such a significant improvement in global risk appetite.

The Fed's aggressive policies will eventually start to slow down the economy. Meanwhile, China is likely to accelerate the recovery of its GDP, which will have a favorable impact on the export-oriented eurozone. As a result, the bullish factor of American exceptionalism for the US dollar will become a thing of the past.

The hawkish comments from FOMC officials don't help the EUR/USD bears either. Christopher Waller still expects a federal funds rate hike to 5.75% and claims that making decisions based on a single inflation report is reckless. We can't sit and wait for the economy to cool down. It's like waiting on the platform for a train that has already left.

At the same time, the euro is supported by the minutes of the June ECB meeting and a speech by Isabel Schnabel. The ECB official said that despite the slowdown in inflation, markets are sending different signals. They reflect investors' concerns about whether the central bank has done enough to tackle high prices. In the latest Governing Council meeting, one official voted for an immediate 50 bps rate hike.

It seems that the ECB is not planning to stop, while the Fed may force a significant inflation slowdown. Along with heightened global risk appetite and the loss of American exceptionalism, this allows us to expect that the euro will continue to rally against the US dollar.

Technically, on the EUR/USD daily chart, reaching targets at 127.2% and 224% based on the AB=CD pattern increases the risk of a pullback. For this to happen, the pair would need to drop below the pivot level of 1.1215. Any decline should be used to form long positions.

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Stock rally may resume over fresh US data

Market balance returned, as indicated by the slight weakening in dollar and consolidation of Treasury yields, as well as the attempts of stock markets to resume a rally following the release of data indicating a sharp decrease in consumer inflation in the US.

It seems that investors realized that the Fed could just be using verbal interventions, and that further rate hikes may not happen anymore since inflation continues to decline. Accordingly, expectations that the US economy will plunge into a deep recession dropped noticeably, while the economy's current precarious balance shows real possibilities for recovery.

The release of important economic data today, namely the data on retail sales and their volumes in the US, could serve as an additional positive signal for the markets. Forecasts say the core index will sharply rise from the May value of 0.1% to 0.3% in June, while the volume of retail sales will increase 0.5% m/m, from 0.3% a month before.

In addition to these data, the volume of industrial production in the US will also attract attention. In monthly terms, the indicator may demonstrate zero dynamics, in contrast to the 0.2% decrease in May. However, in annual terms, a sharp increase to 1.10% may be seen, from 0.25% in the previous period.

If these important indicators do not disappoint, they may stimulate a new wave of demand for risk assets, accompanied by a weakening of dollar and increase in commodity assets. After all, positive news from the US indicates the gradual recovery of the local economy and move away from the edge of recession.

In such a situation, major players will start to respond unequivocally by purchasing previously undervalued assets in anticipation of their prospective growth.

Forecasts for today:

XAU/USD

Gold rose in price as dollar demand weakened amid decline in expectations for further interest rate hikes in the US. Continued positive market sentiment may provoke a breakdown of 1963.20, which will lead to a rise towards 1981.20.

USD/CAD

Further growth may occur if inflation data in Canada shows a decrease, since such a situation may mean that the Bank of Canada will pause its interest rate hikes at the next meeting. If that happens, the pair will rise above 1.3230 and head towards 1.3375.

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Intriguing trends in the US stock market: Dow Jones confidently grows by 0.47%, but what awaits other indices?

Shares of Johnson & Johnson became the real stars of the day, gaining 6.07%, closing at 168.38. Significant growth was also noted in the shares of Goldman Sachs Group Inc, rising by 3.03% and closing at 350.86, while Boeing Co showed a price increase of 2.40%, settling at 213.61.

Meanwhile, some sectors, such as technology, consumer goods, and consumer services, experienced negative dynamics. It's surprising, as the market is such that today some sectors may experience a decline, while tomorrow becoming the leaders of growth.

It is interesting to note that the markets evaluate ambiguous macro-statistics, and this affects the overall picture. The number of initial jobless claims in the US for the week surprised experts by decreasing by 9 thousand to 228 thousand, while the forecast suggested an increase to 242 thousand. However, the number of home sales transactions in the secondary market in the US decreased by 3.3% in June compared to May, reaching 4.16 million transactions, against the forecast of 4.2 million.

The New York Stock Exchange also didn't stay away from the market's diverse movements. The Dow Jones index demonstrated a slight increase of 0.47%, reaching a 52-week high. Meanwhile, the S&P 500 index slightly fell by 0.68%, and the NASDAQ Composite index decreased by 2.05%.

Days like these, full of volatility and opportunities, always keep investors on their toes. It's precisely during such moments that unique chances and advantageous opportunities arise for true adventurers in the financial markets.

At the top of the growth were the shares of Johnson & Johnson (NYSE: JNJ), showing unwavering strength, with a gain of 6.07%, equivalent to 9.64 points, and closing at 168.38. In second place were the quotes of Goldman Sachs Group Inc (NYSE: GS), which, like sprinters, rose by 3.03% or 10.31 points, finishing the session at 350.86. We cannot overlook Boeing Co (NYSE: BA), which added 2.40% or 5.01 points to the price of its shares, closing at 213.61.

While growth characterized the leaders, there were also those who faced challenges and dropped from the top. Among the declining stocks, Intel Corporation (NASDAQ: INTC) drew attention, losing 3.16% or 1.09 points, closing the session at 33.37. However, the shares of Salesforce Inc (NYSE: CRM) demonstrated strength and growth of 2.65% or 6.21 points, closing at 228.16. Microsoft Corporation (NASDAQ: MSFT) encountered some difficulties, losing 2.31% or 8.21 points but still holding at 346.87.

Impressive growth is also characteristic for some components of the S&P 500 index. For example, the shares of Zions Bancorporation (NASDAQ: ZION) rose by a significant 9.98%, reaching the mark of 37.90. And, of course, our growth leader of the day is Johnson & Johnson (NYSE: JNJ), showing remarkable growth of 6.07% and closing at 168.38. Finally, let's not overlook the shares of Allstate Corp (NYSE: ALL), which rose by 5.85% and closed at 111.98.

On the other hand, the leaders of decline were the shares of Discover Financial Services (NYSE: DFS), which decreased in price by 15.92%, closing at 102.45. Tesla's shares (TSLA.O) fell by 9.74%, marking the largest one-day percentage decline since April 20, after the electric vehicle manufacturer reported a drop in second-quarter gross profit to a four-year low, and CEO Elon Musk hinted at further price cuts. The quotes of Equifax Inc (NYSE: EFX) also dropped by 8.89% to 216.37.

Among the components of the NASDAQ Composite index, the growth leaders in today's trading were the shares of Guardforce AI Co Ltd (NASDAQ: GFAI), which increased by 57.46% to 6.44, Evelo Biosciences Inc (NASDAQ: EVLO), gaining 52.40% and closing at 9.86, and Sirius XM Holding Inc (NASDAQ: SIRI), rising by 42.26% and finishing the session at 7.81.

Despite the mixed trends, some stocks stand out with their extraordinary dynamics.

Shares of Discover Financial Services (NYSE: DFS) faced challenges this time around and fell a hefty 15.92% to close at 102.45.

Similarly, the shares of Tesla (TSLA.O) also attracted attention with a loss of 9.74%. This marked the largest one-day percentage decline since April 20. The drop was attributed to the announcement of a decline in gross profit in the second quarter to a four-year low, as well as hints from CEO Elon Musk about possible price reductions.

Meanwhile, the shares of Equifax Inc (NYSE: EFX) also experienced a decline, dropping by 8.89% to 216.37.

However, not only the decline is noteworthy in the market. Among the components of the NASDAQ Composite index, some stocks stand out as strong growth leaders. For example, the shares of Guardforce AI Co Ltd (NASDAQ: GFAI) astonished with a surge of 57.46%, reaching 6.44. They were followed by the shares of Evelo Biosciences Inc (NASDAQ: EVLO), which rose by 52.40% and closed at 9.86, and the shares of Sirius XM Holding Inc (NASDAQ: SIRI), showing growth of 42.26% and finishing the session at 7.81.

On the other hand, the shares of Vir Biotechnology Inc (NASDAQ: VIR) drew attention with a significant price drop of 44.90%, closing at 12.70. The shares of Netcapital Inc (NASDAQ: NCPL) also experienced a decline of 41.88%, ending the session at 0.68. Additionally, the quotes of Durect Corporation (NASDAQ: DRRX) also suffered a decrease of 33.13%, reaching 3.29.

It is interesting to note that Netflix (NFLX.O) shares faced a major challenge, falling 8.41%.

This marked the largest one-day percentage decline since December 15, and it happened after the company's quarterly revenue in the streaming video sector did not meet market expectations.

Despite the decline in the Nasdaq index, the Dow (.DJI) continues to delight investors with its steady performance. It registered its ninth consecutive session of growth, making it the longest winning streak since September 2017.

The situation on the New York Stock Exchange also left its mark. The number of declining stocks (1710) exceeded the number of those closing in the positive (1240), and 80 stocks remained virtually unchanged. The Nasdaq stock exchange also experienced fluctuations: shares of 2246 companies declined, 1286 rose, and 131 remained at the same level as the previous closing.

The stock market is showing an increase in volatility, reflecting the instability and fluctuations in the market. The CBOE Volatility Index, which is based on S&P 500 options trading, rose by 1.67% and reached a level of 13.99. This indicates that investors are expecting increased uncertainty and more unpredictable movements in the near future.

Currently, there are mixed trends in the commodity market. August gold futures lost 0.45% or $9.00, closing at $1,000 per troy ounce. Meanwhile, September WTI crude oil futures rose by 0.61% or $0.46, reaching $75.75 per barrel. September Brent crude oil futures also showed an increase of 0.29% or $0.23, reaching $79.69 per barrel.

In the currency market, the EUR/USD pair is experiencing a decline of 0.61%, leading to a drop to 1.11. At the same time, USD/JPY quotes rose by 0.29% and reached 140.07. USD index futures also demonstrated growth by 0.56%, settling at 100.54. This indicates a strong position of the US dollar in the market and investors' interest in this currency.

Thus, the current data in the market speaks of unpredictability and warns investors to be more attentive and cautious when making decisions. In such a situation, it is especially important to keep track of global events and economic news to make informed decisions in the market.

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Trading Signal for GOLD (XAU/USD) for July 25-26, 2023: buy if breaks $1,963 (200 EMA - 21 SMA)

Early in the European session, gold (XAU/USD) is trading at 1,962.61. It is located above the 21 SMA and above the 200 EMA.

The 1-hour chart shows that gold is trading within a downtrend channel formed since July 20 when it reached the high of 1,987.

With a sharp break of this downtrend channel and a daily close above 1,963, we can expect the price to rally and reach 3/8 Murray, so its first target is seen at about 1,968. If bullish force prevails, the metal could reach 1,985 and ultimately the psychological level of $2,000.

On the other hand, in case XAU/USD falls below 1,960, we could expect a downward acceleration and the instrument could reach 1,953 and finally, it could fall to 1,943, a level that coincides with the 200 EMA on the 4-hour chart.

Investors are waiting for the FED to increase its interest rate by 0.25% to 5.50%. The policy announcement could generate strong volatility in gold. If the data is favorable, gold could fall until it reaches 1,937 and 1,906.

On July 24, the Eagle indicator reached a 5-point low, which represents an oversold zone. Since then, we can observe a technical rebound in gold from the 1,953 low. In the next few hours, we expect gold to break sharply the downtrend channel and reach 1,968 and 1,985.

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The global recession is getting closer. USD, EUR, GBP overview

CFTC data reflects a significant deterioration in sentiment towards the US dollar. The overall short position on the USD increased by 7.39 billion during the reporting week, reaching -19.88 billion, marking the largest weekly change since 2020, and the highest bearish bias since 2021.

Significant adjustments were observed in positions on the euro and yen. In addition, it is worth noting that the net long position on gold increased by a substantial 6.231 billion, reaching 38.258 billion. Buying gold while simultaneously selling the dollar often signifies expectations that the dollar will weaken.

The Federal Reserve's rate hike on Wednesday is considered a done deal, and the market's primary focus will be on the forecasts. The Fed's main goal is to lower inflation expectations and reduce demand, so far this goal has not been achieved. Retail sales data for June indicates high consumer activity, suggesting a potential threat to the sustainability of core inflation.

The prospects for the dollar remain unclear for now. Either tightening financial conditions will lead to a sharp decline in consumption, creating conditions for a recession, or the transition will be more gradual. In the first case, the dollar will weaken, while in the second, any corrective decline may be short-lived, as the eurozone economy is closer to a recession than the US economy.

EUR/USD:
The European Central Bank meeting will take place on Thursday, and a 25 bps rate hike is considered a done deal, as Council members have repeatedly communicated in their comments. The rate hike itself is unlikely to cause a significant movement.

The main focus will be on the forecasts, from which the market will obtain information about the plans for the September meeting - either the central bank signals another rate hike, or it decides to take a pause. These post-meeting data will be the factor that either pushes the euro higher or fuels the corrective decline.

The eurozone economy is slowing down, and the PMI data published on Monday came out worse than expected in all sectors - both in manufacturing and services. The slowdown in activity suggests that inflation deceleration will continue, and the September meeting will be the last one where the ECB raises rates. If the market confirms this assumption, the euro will fall, and the uptrend will come to an end.

The net long position on the euro increased by 5.8 billion during the reporting week, marking the most significant improvement in sentiment towards the euro since September of last year. The calculated price has yet to move up.

Investors seem to be anticipating the end of the Fed's rate hike cycle, as well as the US dollar's bullish momentum. The FOMC meeting will take place on Wednesday, and the expected rate hike is already fully priced in. As a result, the yield spread will start to favor the euro, as the ECB is still far from the end of its rate cycle. It is assumed that the end of the Fed's tightening cycle will be accompanied by hawkish comments, which could push EUR/USD to fall towards the support level at 1.1010/20. Considering the significant change in sentiment on futures after the formation of a local base, the euro will likely attempt to bring back its upward movement.

GBP/USD:
The retail sales data for June came out better than expected, supporting the pound as maintaining high consumer demand also implies the preservation of high inflation expectations and, consequently, an increase in the Bank of England's rate forecasts.

At the same time, business activity is slowing down faster than expected - the manufacturing PMI fell from 46.5 to 45 in July, while the services PMI fell from 53.7 to 51.5. The composite PMI also slowed down from 52.8 to 50.7. Considering that GDP growth is minimal and the UK economy is half a step away from a recession, maintaining high consumption while PMI activity declines implies a transition to a stagflation regime, which combines high inflation and recession. This is an awful scenario for the BoE, which they would like to avoid.

Inflation in the UK is higher than in the eurozone and the US, which suggests further rate hikes by the BoE even before the threat of a recession. This factor will support demand for the pound in the short term.

The net long position on GBP increased by 499 million during the reporting week, reaching 5.192 billion, reflecting bullish positioning. The calculated price is currently pointing downwards, which suggests an attempt to develop a corrective decline.

The pound has fallen below the support level at 1.2847, which technically indicates the possibility of a downward movement. The next support is at 1.2770/90, where the lower band of the long-term bullish channel lies. Considering that speculative positioning in futures is shifting in favor of the pound, we assume that the bearish attempts are of a corrective nature, and the pound is unlikely to fall below 1.2770. After forming a local peak, we expect the pair to resume its uptrend.

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US dollar comes on top as euro lags behind

The American currency has once again taken the lead, pushing the European currency to the sidelines. The dollar was boosted by strong US consumer confidence data. Meanwhile, the euro has experienced a significant decline remains hopeful of a rebound in the near future.

On the evening of Tuesday, July 25th, the greenback demonstrated significant growth against the euro, soaring higher after the release of encouraging consumer confidence data in the USA. According to latest reports, the consumer confidence index in the US increased to a 2-year high of 117 points in July, up from the revised 110.1 points in June.

Against this backdrop, the US Dollar Index (USDX) performed well, reaching a peak of 101.65 points but later dipped slightly by 0.08%. It's worth noting that USDX exhibited a consistent uptrend over six consecutive trading sessions, nearly recouping 50% of its losses from early July. According to Sean Osborne, a leading currency strategist at Scotiabank, the prospects for the US dollar remain uncertain: "While the DXY rebound has extended a bit more than I expected the broader outlook for the USD remains somewhat challenging and I still rather look for the USD to weaken in H2," he commented.

Nevertheless, the euro, the recent market favorite, was unable to take advantage of the dollar's moves and suffered a noticeable setback against it. However, most of the G10 currencies strengthened against the American currency, particularly the Australian dollar, the Swiss franc, and the Japanese yen.

The unexpected driving force behind the surge of major currencies against the greenback was the optimism regarding the prospects of the Chinese economy. Recently, Chinese authorities outlined revised plans for additional economic support, extending their backing to troubled sectors such as the real estate market, while pledging to boost consumption and address regional government debts.

Analysts argue that this newfound Chinese optimism weighed down on the dollar, which is now bearing the burden of China-inspired optimistic sentiment against its major G10 peers. As a result, the US dollar index retreated from its two-week highs after being previously supported by elevated PMI data. Furthermore, market participants' uncertainty about the Federal Reserve's forthcoming actions contributed to the dollar's decline.

Investors and traders expect that on Wednesday, July 26th, the Federal Reserve will raise its key interest rate, marking the final move in the current tightening cycle. According to analysts, the monetary authorities will maintain the possibility of further maneuvers in the future, in case a return to tightening is deemed necessary. However, there are risks involved. "Policymakers will want to leave the door open to more tightening down the road but history shows markets are quite attuned to the top of the rate cycle when it comes and USD has generally weakened once peak rates are in," analysts at Scotiabank warned.

In this complex situation, the euro finds it challenging to stay afloat. EUR has demonstrated weakness after the publication of Eurozone economic data. According to reports from the German research institute IFO, key indicators, namely the EU Business Climate Index and the Current Assessment Index, came in worse than previously forecast. In July, the business climate index in Germany dropped to 87.3 points from the previous 88.6 points, falling short of market expectations of 88 points.

This ambiguous situation has negatively impacted EUR/USD. After rising to 1.1100, the pair reversed course and fell to the lowest level in two weeks around 1.1050. On Wednesday morning, July 26th, EUR/USD was trading between 1.1058 and 1.1059, gradually attempting to break free from the downward spiral.

According to analysts, currently EUR/USD lacks momentum for growth, despite the rebound from the two-week low. The pair benefitted from the US dollar's short term retreat, but failed to attract bulls due to concerns about a recession in the Eurozone.

The market's focus is now on policy meetings of central banks around the world, which are taking place this week. On Wednesday, July 26th, the Fed will announce the policy decision following the July meeting. The overwhelming majority of analysts expect the Fed funds rate to be hiked by 25 basis points to 5.25% - 5.5%.

On Thursday, July 27th, the European Central Bank (ECB) will hold its meeting. Later, the ECB will publish its decision, which analysts also believe will lead to a 25 basis point rate hike to 4.25%.

If the ECB's rhetoric turns out to be less hawkish than that of the Fed, EUR/USD may fall below the key psychological level of 1.1000. However, analysts still consider 1.1050 as the key support level.

Additionally, on Thursday, the US will publish its first estimate of GDP growth for Q2 2023. Preliminary data indicate the American economy grew by 1.8% year-on-year during this period, following a 2% increase in Q1. Despite this, market participants remain primarily focused on the Federal Reserve and ECB meetings, their monetary policies, and the hints provided by the central bank heads regarding future actions.

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The Bank of England will raise interest rates in September

The week ended quite predictably for both instruments, but the wave analysis suggests that it is quite challenging to predict what lies ahead. Both uptrends cannot be impulsive, but they can be five-wave corrective patterns of the a-b-c-d-e kind. Consequently, quotes can rise within the wave e. The recent downward waves have taken a three-wave corrective pattern at the moment, which corresponds to a corrective status but not an impulsive one. However, after three waves, two more waves can be built. Based on the above, both instruments, from current levels, have an equal probability of either starting a new upward movement or extending the decline.

In this situation, I recommend focusing on the nearest Fibonacci levels. For the euro, the wave analysis is somewhat more complicated, while for the pound, we see a clear three-wave downward movement. A successful attempt to break the 161.8% Fibonacci level may indicate the end of the downward wave, which would be the fourth wave within an uptrend. The euro may also construct a similar wave formation.

The question of further interest rate hikes by the Bank of England is also crucial for the market right now. Many analysts (including myself) believe that the tightening cycle will end this year, with only three meetings remaining until the end of the year. The next meeting is likely to result in a 100% rate hike, as BoE Governor Andrew Bailey has not signaled any pause, and inflation remains high. Bailey has also given an approximate inflation target for autumn 2023. If inflation decreases to 5%, the BoE will take a less aggressive approach to interest rates.

In November, the probability of a rate hike is 50/50. Consequently, by December, the likelihood of a rate increase approaches zero. This implies that, at best, there may be two more rate hikes. Meanwhile, the FOMC may raise rates one more time, resulting in almost complete parity between the two central banks. In my view, this scenario suggests a horizontal movement or continuation of the downward trend, but not a new upward wave for both instruments. After all, the ECB is also starting to talk about a possible pause in September in recent weeks.

Therefore, I believe that there's a high probability that both instruments will fall, and the nearest Fibonacci levels should help determine the resumption of the downward movement. I also want to draw attention to the similarity in the movements of the euro and the pound. Hence, a signal for one instrument can be used for the other as well.

Based on the conducted analysis, I conclude that the formation of the upward wave set is complete. I still consider targets around 1.0500-1.0600 quite realistic, and with these targets in mind, I recommend selling the instrument. The a-b-c structure looks complete and convincing, and closing below the 1.1172 mark indirectly confirms the formation of the downtrend segment. Therefore, I insist on selling the instrument with targets around 1.0836 and below. I believe that the formation of the downtrend segment will continue.

The wave pattern of the GBP/USD instrument suggests a decline. As the attempt to break the 1.3084 mark (from top to bottom) was successful, my readers were able to open short positions, as I mentioned in my recent reviews. The target was set at 1.2618 and the pair managed to reach this mark. There is a risk of completing the current downward wave if it is the 4th wave. In this case, a new upward movement will start from the current levels as part of the 5th wave. In my opinion, this is not the most likely scenario, and a successful attempt to break 1.2618 (or an unsuccessful attempt at 1.2840) will indicate the market's readiness to continue building the downward wave and trend segment.

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EUR/USD: euro holds ground despite stronger dollar

The US dollar started the day on a positive note, attempting once again to overtake its European counterpart. However, the euro is not giving up so easily and continues to fight for leadership in the EUR/USD pair. At the beginning of this week, the greenback retreated slightly, but quickly made up for its early losses.

According to analysts, the dollar's recent failures were temporary and were not able to drag the currency into negative territory. Neither the recent downgrade of the US credit rating nor the unstable macroeconomic data published by the US Department of Labor managed to undermine the greenback's position. In July, the US job market added 187,000 new jobs, following the 185,000 previously recorded. Although these figures fell short of the anticipated 205,000, experts assessed the overall macroeconomic outlook as positive.

Analysts often say that the Nonfarm Payroll (NFP) is one of the most unpredictable indicators. This is why any dramatic shifts in the market or any reviews of the Fed's current decision were highly unlikely. According to Austan D. Goolsbee, head of the Chicago Fed, the American job market should "find its balance" soon. The official had previously remarked that while the US labor market is cooling down, it's "still exceptionally hot."

According to estimates, overall employment growth in the US was slightly below expectations. However, the increase in wages and the decrease in unemployment rates might provide reasons for the Fed to consider another rate hike. The return of the unemployment rate to 3.5% is particularly noteworthy. Analysts believe this rate is now at cyclical lows, which continues to exert inflationary pressure. In this context, the Federal Reserve may find it hard to soften its stance, experts believe.

In addition to this, hourly wages grew more than expected (by 0.4% MoM) over the reporting period, maintaining an annual rate of 4.4% set earlier this year. With such wage growth, rates and employment figures, inflation is unlikely to ease. In the current scenario, the Fed might further tighten its monetary policy.

This sentiment is shared by Atlanta Fed President Raphael Bostic. Last Friday, August 4, he told Bloomberg that the central bank would maintain its restrictive monetary policy until 2024. This is crucial to achieve a target rate of 2%, the official reiterated.

Against this backdrop, the dollar has noticeably appreciated against other major currencies, primarily the yen and the euro. The greenback's strengthening was driven by the latest import and export reports from China. Official data indicates that from January to July, exports from China decreased by 5%, while imports fell by 7.6% year-on-year. Additionally, last month both indicators plunged by 14.5% and 12.4% respectively.

At the start of the week, the greenback managed to stabilize after a moment of weakness. On Tuesday morning, August 8, the EUR/USD pair was trading near 1.0997 before rising quickly to 1.1000 and breaking through it. EUR/USD is expected to hit new record highs and its next target is believed to be the 1.1100 mark.

Today, the market's focus is on significant macroeconomic data from the United States, with analysts expecting a noticeable decrease in inflation in the short term. On Thursday, August 10, the country's Department of Labor will publish these reports. According to preliminary forecasts, consumer prices in America surged by 3.3% year-over-year in July.

The data on US consumer prices will help investors assess the results of the Federal Reserve's prolonged cycle of monetary policy tightening. In addition, inflation is projected to have accelerated over the past month.

Current macro statistics will help forecast the Federal Reserve's next step and partly predict its actions at the September meeting. Meanwhile, the majority of analysts (86.5%) believe that the regulator will maintain the key rate at the current level of 5.25%-5.5%. Other experts assume there might be a slight increase.

Last week, tensions escalated in the global stock market after the deterioration of the American credit rating. Against this backdrop, market participants were seriously afraid of widespread sell-offs, but this did not happen. Moreover, the market managed to avoid the correction that many feared after a 7-month period of growth. As a result, the market found relative stability as traders and investors did not rush to lock in profits and sell securities in their portfolios.

Fitch's recent decision has not negatively affected the US currency rate. According to analysts' observations, the US dollar index (DXY) closed last week with gains, showing a short-term dip. Earlier, in August 2011, S&P Global Ratings downgraded the US credit rating amid problems with the debt ceiling. However, these actions also barely affected the national currency. Moreover, the dollar index closed 2021 with a 7% growth, and during that time, it added over 30%.

According to analysts, in the medium and long-term planning horizons, the greenback will maintain stability. A more positive scenario implies a sustained upward trend of the US dollar against the euro. According to Jane Foley, Head of Currency Market at Rabobank, the dollar is still considered a safe-haven currency "thanks to its massive share in international payments." The currency strategist at Rabobank acknowledges that the greenback may lose its dominant positions over time "but it is unlikely to happen in the next 20, 30, or 40 years."

Many specialists assume that the trajectory of the American currency will largely depend on the Federal Reserve's monetary policy. Besides, USD will continue to gain support thanks to the confident growth of the US economy.

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The global economy is slowing down, risk appetite is decreasing, and the USS is experiencing increased demand. Overview of USD, CAD, JPY

Activity in the currency market remains subdued in the absence of significant economic reports, with the main focus on the US inflation report on Thursday, which could lead to more pronounced movements.

Risk assets are still under pressure due to weak data from China, indicating a decline in global demand. Following Tuesday's disappointing external trade data, it was revealed that China's economy has slipped into deflation, with inflation turning negative at -0.3% YoY in July. Consumer prices rarely decrease in China, and given that other countries continue to grapple with high inflation, this is a worrying sign for the global economy as a whole.

The US dollar remains the leader in the currency market, playing the role of the primary safe-haven currency in the current conditions.

USD/CAD
The Canadian dollar has received several sensitive blows and lost its positive momentum against the USD. The labor market report for July showed a decrease in the number of new jobs (-6.4K), while an increase of 21.1K was forecasted, which is particularly noticeable against the backdrop of strong growth in June (+59.9K).

The unemployment rate rose from 5.4% to 5.5%, and more importantly, the average wage growth increased from 3.9% YoY to 5% YoY. Wage growth is usually a bullish factor as it fuels high inflation, but with simultaneous economic slowdown, this factor begins to work against it.

The Ivey Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) for July dipped into contraction territory, hitting a multi-month low of 48.6 points. This indicates an economic slowdown. However, the price sub-index rose to a 5-month high, increasing from 60.6 points to 65.1 points.

The Canadian economy has suddenly lost the advantage that allowed for expectations of sustainable CAD growth. Inflation remains strong, and to contain it, it is logical to anticipate further actions by the Bank of Canada. These expectations are in favor of CAD strengthening. However, simultaneously, a slowdown in activity with further tightening of monetary policy could lead Canada's economy into a recession. This, on the contrary, limits the resolve of the Bank of Canada.

The unstable equilibrium deprives the Canadian currency of its advantage, weakening the bullish momentum.

The net long position on CAD has increased slightly over the reporting week, with positioning being neutral. However, the calculated price after the release of the disappointing employment report turned upwards and moved above the long-term average.

The sharp upward turn in the calculated price reduces the chances of a confident resumption of USD/CAD decline. Currently, the pair is trading near the middle of a corrective bearish channel. If no additional arguments arise from the Canadian side, the likelihood of further growth will remain high. The long-term target is the upper band of the channel at 1.3690/3720, with support at 1.3350/70.

USD/JPY
The key question that will determine the fate of the Japanese yen remains how resolutely the Bank of Japan is prepared to act in order to reduce domestic inflation. Alternatively, the Bank might continue adopting a wait-and-see position, resorting to adjustments to the current monetary policy.

Possible hawkish steps by the BOJ involve two potential actions - either a complete abandonment of the yield curve control (YCC) policy or a withdrawal from negative interest rates. Any actions in this direction will be interpreted by the market as a hawkish signal, leading to yen strengthening. Conversely, maintaining the current policy will inevitably contribute to further yen weakening.

The recent comments from BOJ officials after the July 28 meeting are cautious and do not provide grounds to expect any decisive steps. For example, BOJ Deputy Chief Uchida Shinichi stated at a press conference that the Bank is "considering an exit from monetary easing but does not see reasons for any actions in the foreseeable future," and that the decision is still "far off."

In other words, the "wait and see" policy remains in place. The yen can start to strengthen under current conditions only if negative trends in the global economy intensify, leading to a noticeable increase in demand for safe-haven assets. As long as there is no reason for such a scenario, there is no reason for yen strengthening.

The net short position on the yen has slightly increased over the reporting week and solidified just above -7 billion, speculative positioning is confidently bearish. The calculated price is above the long-term average and aimed at continuation of growth.

The development of the upward movement for USD/JPY is still the main scenario, despite attempts at consolidation near the 143 level. A week ago, we identified the local high at 145.06 as the target for bullish momentum development and the upper band of the channel at 147.30/70 as the long-term target. These targets remain relevant and can only be adjusted in case of truly significant changes from the BOJ in its monetary policy. As long as changes are cosmetic, the dollar is objectively stronger in this pair.

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EUR/USD. Weekly preview. US retail sales, Fed minutes, ZEW indices

Over the course of the first two weeks of August, the EUR/USD pair has failed to establish a clear direction. Despite prevailing bearish sentiments, sellers have been unable to solidify their position at the base of the 9th figure, let alone breach the support level at 1.0870. All of this indicates that the bears are hesitant, who are eager to lock in profits as soon as the price dips below the 1.0950 level (the middle line of the Bollinger Bands indicator on the weekly chart). The significant events of the previous week, like China's foreign trade data, the downgrade of American banks' ratings by Moody's, and the US inflation reports, led to a certain level of volatility. However, once again, the price remained within the confines of the 9th figure, with a brief impulsive surge to 1.1062. The pair completed a circle and returned to it's previous positions.

The economic calendar for the upcoming trading week is relatively modest, although not entirely devoid of events. Let's review the main highlights of the next five days.

Monday - Tuesday
At the start of the trading week, the pair is likely to trade with the momentum of Friday. Monday's economic calendar is almost empty, with perhaps the German Wholesale Price Index being of interest. This indicator is expected to show a positive trend, but will still remain in the negative territory, both on a yearly basis (-2.6%) and on a monthly basis (-0.1%).

The main release on Tuesday is the US Retail Sales report. Positive dynamics are anticipated here. According to forecasts, retail sales volume in the US is expected to increase by 0.4% in July, following a 0.2% growth in June. Excluding auto sales, the indicator is also projected to rise by 0.4%. Additionally, the Empire State Manufacturing Index, which is based on a survey of manufacturers in the New York Federal Reserve District, will be released on Tuesday. Here, on the contrary, negative dynamics are expected, with the indicator predicted to decline to -0.3.

Furthermore, on Tuesday, Neel Kashkari, the President of the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, will be speaking. He could potentially generate increased volatility among the dollar pairs. Firstly, he holds voting rights in the Committee this year. Secondly, Kashkari has already commented on recent inflation releases, and his tone was rather positive. According to him, the US central bank has made "good progress" in combating inflation. If he voices similar rhetoric next week, the dollar might come under pressure again.

During the European session on Tuesday, traders should pay attention to the German ZEW Economic Sentiment indices. In particular, the business sentiment index for Germany in August is expected to remain at the July level of -12 points. The business expectations index is expected to deteriorate to -15 points (the worst reading since December 2022). The current situation index is also projected to worsen to -63 points (the lowest reading since November of the previous year).

Wednesday
On Wednesday, EUR/USD traders will focus on the minutes of the July Federal Reserve meeting. Recall that the outcomes of the July meeting did not favor the US dollar. Among all the possible scenarios, the Fed implemented perhaps the most dovish one. The US central bank tied the fate of the interest rate to the dynamics of key macroeconomic indicators. The central bank retained the key formulations of the accompanying statement in their previous form, and Fed Chairman Jerome Powell, during the final press conference, indicated that the September Fed meeting could end with either another rate hike or keeping it unchanged. He emphasized that the central bank in the fall will evaluate the entire set of macroeconomic data "with special emphasis on progress in the field of inflation." The Fed's indecisive stance was interpreted against the US dollar.

A hawkish tone in the minutes of the July meeting could provide support to the US dollar, especially since this meeting took place before the release of US inflation data for July. However, in my opinion, the document will likely reflect the Fed members' hesitant stance, considering the corresponding formulations in the final communique.

In addition, on Wednesday, the report on the volume of building permits issued in the US will be released (expected growth of 1.1%), as well as the industrial production report (also expected to grow by 0.3%, following two months of negative dynamics).

Thursday
On Thursday, traders should focus on the Philadelphia Federal Reserve's Manufacturing Index. The indicator has been in the negative zone since September 2022. According to forecasts, in August, the index will also remain below the "waterline" but will demonstrate positive dynamics, rising to the level of -9.8 points.

Furthermore, on Thursday, traders could also pay attention to the Initial Jobless Claims data in the US. Over the past two weeks, this indicator has been rising, and according to forecasts, this trend will continue: next week, the number of claims is expected to increase by 250,000 (last week - 248,000, the week before last - 227,000).

Friday
The economic calendar for the final trading day of the week is not packed with events for the EUR/USD pair. The only thing of interest is the eurozone inflation data for July. We will learn the final assessment of July's Consumer Price Index (CPI), which, according to forecasts, should match the initial assessment (a decrease in the Consumer Price Index and an increase to 5.5% in the core CPI).

Conclusions
The EUR/USD pair is in a hanging state. In order to develop a downtrend, sellers need more than just to establish themselves at the base of the 9th figure – they need to overcome the support level of 1.0870 – at this price point, the lower line of the Bollinger Bands indicator on the daily chart coincides with the upper and lower bands of the Kumo cloud. If the bears break through this price barrier, the Ichimoku indicator will form a bearish "Parade of Lines" signal, indicating the strength of the downward movement. This is not an easy task, considering the fact that over the last two weeks, the downward momentum has faded at the base of the 9th figure.

The bulls don't have an easy task either: they need to establish themselves above the 1.1050 mark – this is the upper line of the Bollinger Bands, coinciding with the Kijun-sen line on the same timeframe. In that case, the pair can move towards the 11th figure. However, throughout August, buyers only impulsively tested the 1.1050 target, afterwards they retreated, locking in profits. Given the relatively uneventful economic calendar for the upcoming week, we can assume that the pair will continue to trade within the range of 1.0950 – 1.1050, with periodic attempts to establish themselves at the base of the 9th figure.

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Growth in yields and stable inflation suggest further rate hikes. USD, EUR, GBP Review

The net short position in USD grew by $490 million to -$16.272 billion over the reporting week after a strong correction a week earlier. The decline is largely related to long positions on the euro, and in terms of other major currencies, the notable trend is selling across all significant commodity currencies (Canadian, Australian, New Zealand dollars, and also the Mexican peso). The yen and franc are slightly doing better, i.e., there is demand for safe-haven currencies and a sell-off in commodity currencies. Since long positions in gold have decreased by $4.5 billion, we can expect increasing demand for the US dollar.

PMIs for the eurozone, the UK, and the US will be published on Wednesday, which can significantly influence the rate forecasts of the European Central Bank, the Bank of England, and the Federal Reserve. Last week, we witnessed a clear uptrend in bond yields, suggesting increased demand for risk amid more upbeat economic reports. At the same time, we see a sharp deterioration in China's economy, which, on the contrary, points to slowing demand. This dilemma may be resolved after the release of the PMIs, so we can expect increased volatility.

EUR/USD
The final estimate confirmed that the euro area annual inflation rate was 5.3% in July 2023, with core inflation unchanged at 5.5%. Since there are no seasonal factors that could explain the price increase at the moment, it would be best to assume the most obvious explanation - price growth is supported by broad price pressures in the growing services sector.

Stubborn inflation supports market expectations that the ECB will raise rates in September, and this increase is already reflected in current prices. The strong labor market is also in favor of a rate hike.

After a sharp decrease a week earlier, the net long position in the euro grew by $1.275 billion, putting the bearish trend into question. The settlement price is below the long-term average, giving grounds to expect a continuation of the euro's decline, but the momentum has noticeably weakened.

A week earlier, we assumed that the bearish trend would continue. Indeed, the euro consistently passed two support levels, but did not reach the 1.0830 level. The resistance at 1.0960, which the euro can reach if a correction develops, is still considered in the long term. We assume that the trend remains bearish, and the 1.0830 level will be tested in the short term.

GBP/USD
Inflation in July fell from 7.9% to 6.8%. This is mostly due to the fall in the marginal price of OFGEM (Office of Gas and Electricity Markets) from 2500 pounds to 2074. Without this decline, inflation would have still fallen, but much less - to 7.3%.

Despite the sharp decline, inflation remains at a very high level, and further falls in the marginal price of energy carriers are unlikely. The NIESR Institute suggests that, among the possible scenarios for future inflation behavior, we should choose between "very high", assuming an average annual inflation of around 5% over 12 months, and "high persistence", which is equivalent to an annual level of 7.4%. Needless to say, both scenarios imply inflation higher than in the US, so the likelihood of a higher BoE rate remains, leading to a yield spread in favor of the pound.

These considerations do not allow the pound to fall and support it against the dollar, while against most major currencies, the dollar continues to grow.

After three weeks of decline, the long position in GBP grew by $302 million to $4.049 billion. Positioning is bullish, the price is still below the long-term average, but, as in the case of the euro, an upward reversal is emerging.

In the previous review, we assumed that the pound would continue to decline, but UK inflation pressure remains stubborn, which changed the rate forecast and supported the pound. A correction may develop, and the nearest resistance level is 1.2813. If the pound goes higher, the long-term forecast will be revised. At the same time, we still consider the bearish trend, and the chances of restoring growth are high, with the nearest target being the support area of 1.2590/2620.